变救济为职业培训——工党颁布政策解决青年人失业问题
为解决新西兰青年人失业问题，工党将投资$1.83亿制定一揽子计划，使年龄在20以下的失业年轻人不要领救济，而是加入工作或培训计划。这是工党就业、技能及培训事务发言人Grant Roberson 2014年8月3日公布的。
目前新西兰有75,000名年龄在15到24之间的青年人，既不在工作行列又没有加入任何再教育和培训计划。这部分人数相当于全部青年人数的11%，而这一失业数字是目前全国失业率的一倍。
工党这一政策的目标放在20岁以下的青年人群，因为这个年龄层的人面临着就业等一系列人生中的重大决定，而这一切对他们的人生走向会起到重要的作用。我们“青年就业计划”（Youth Employment Package）将使年龄在20岁以下的24,000失业青年人受益。
我们将实施“青年人契约”（Contract with Youth），主要是针对那些特别需要关注的失业人群，使这一部分年轻人从领救济的境遇中走出来而加入就业大军。
这些举措包括就业“从学徒开始”计划（Kick Start Apprenticeships），主要是将这一部分原本用作救济的款项拨给雇主，使得这些雇主能够雇佣18到19岁的失业青年人。这一部分将救济额变成雇主补贴额（$9100）的举措，能够使得未来的雇主通过雇佣失业青少年而创造12,000个学徒工职位。
针对毛利青年人的失业率历来偏高，我们将设立“毛利职业培训计划”（Maori Trades Training）使得2000位原本领救济的毛利青年人能获得职业培训的机会。这项计划将同高校、部落及行业培训机构合作实施，而锁定的行业主要集中在毛利社区比较丰富的渔业和森林业。针对15至19岁失业的岛民，工党则将设立1500个培训名额， 首先解决这部分人群中40%的就业问题。
国家党面对青年人失业只是抛出了一个军营短训的计划，介于这项计划受训的问题青年重新犯罪率高达83%之多，工党将取缔国家党这一计划。与此相对，我们将重新实施“环保军团”计划（Conservation Corps）将设立1500个为期20个星期的全职培训计划，成为融环保工作、职业培训及励志培训为一体的综合培训计划。
工党还将改革就业指导这一方面的工作， 以确保新西兰年轻人能够得到合理的训练，顺利加入就业大军。就目前状况来看，在学校层级的各类就就业指导水平参差不齐。
我们将取缔职业新西兰（Careers New Zealand）这一机构， 并将设立一个全新的机构，并集思广益，将学校、雇主、高校培训机构及就业专家们的智慧融为一体。工党还将投入$1700万设立更多的高中学校老师及其他工作人员以便提供更多更好的服务，使得这一部分学生从迈出校门走向社区的过程当中能够得到更多更好的就业指导。
工党的政策旨在帮助青年人发掘自己的潜能，与此同时将创立世界级的培训机制，以达到和满足就业工人、雇主及经济发展的需要。
来源： 霍建强议员办公室
（英文原文如下）
Grant
ROBERTSON
Employment, Skills and Training Spokesperson
4 August 2014 MEDIA STATEMENT
Under 20s in work or training under Labour
A Labour Government will invest $183 million into a comprehensive package aimed at ensuring all New Zealanders under the age of 20 are in work or training by the end of our first term, Labour’s Employment, Skills and Training spokesperson Grant Robertson says.
“There are 75,000 Kiwis aged 15 to 24 who are not in work, education or training. That’s 11 per cent of our young people; double the unemployment rate of the rest of the population.
“Labour is targeting the under 20s because at that age young people make critical decisions about their careers which can determine their pathway in life. Our Youth Employment Package will reach the 24,000 unemployed Kiwis under 20.
“We will also implement a Contract with Youth to target those most in need of intensive support to give them meaningful alternatives to a life on a benefit.
“This includes Kick Start Apprenticeships which will provide employers who take on unemployed 18 and 19-year-olds permanently with a $9,100 subsidy – the equivalent of the dole. There will be 12,000 apprenticeship places over the four years.
“We will fund an additional 2,000 Maori Trades Training places to help address disproportionately high unemployment rates among young Maori. These places will be established through partnerships between tertiary providers, iwi and industry training organisations for key sectors such as fishing and forestry. Labour will also establish 1,500 training places for the some of the 40 per cent of 15 to 19 year old Pasifika people who are unemployed.
“National’s failed boot camps which have a reoffending rate of 83 per cent will be scrapped. Instead we will re-launch the Conservation Corps with 1,500 places in a full-time 20-week course which mixes conservation work, vocational training and confidence building.
“Labour will also reform careers advice to ensure young New Zealanders are helped as they train and move into work. At present this advice ends at school and the quality is highly variable.
“We will disestablish Careers New Zealand and have a different body to oversee our strategy with input from schools, employers, tertiary training providers and careers experts. Labour will commit $17 million to provide more secondary teachers and other staff to improve careers guidance and support in school and out in the community.
“A Labour Government will give young people a way to reach their full potential, and at the same time, create a world class training system that meets the needs of workers, employers and the economy,” Grant Robertson says.
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